Many a farmer arrived to pour the dregs of the milk strainer into the cat dish and found that one of the cats had a broad tail and a characteristic white "V" across its back. Striped skunks are found in a variety of habitats from southern Canada throughout the United States into northern Mexico. Eyes open when they are about 3 weeks old. One Gayley Avenue Ears: 0.8 - 1.0 inches This oily musk, expelled through the anus, can cause temporary blindness and pain if sprayed in the eyes of a potential attacker. Habitat: Occurs around rocky, dense habitat, including fencerows, shrubby field borders, and farmland. Skunks have been the most commonly confirmed rabies species, other than raccoons, during the spread of raccoon rabies throughout Southern New York. Some harvesting continues today. This disagreeable musk is secreted by glands at the base of the tail and can be aimed and sprayed at will. Spotted skunks have a more complicated pattern of spots and broken lines, while striped skunks have two white stripes running from head to tail. [11] The skunk will also consume vegetable matter, such as apples, blueberries, black cherries, ground cherries, corn and nightshade when in season. [10], The striped skunk is polygamous, and normally breeds once a year, though yearling females who have failed to mate may enter a second estrous cycle a month after the first. Formerly a member of the weasel family (with mink, otter, fisher, marten), skunks have now been classified into their own family, "Mephitidae". Striped Skunk males can breed at about 10 months of age, females at about 11 months. Summer home ranges of 83 to 1,860 acres have been reported for skunks in Illinois. These animals are also found in rock outcrops (Crabb 1948). You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. Below, we have summarized the various classifications, monitoring, research, and contact information for each state alphabetically. 1-Nov. 12; Sunday Nov. 13; Nov.14-Nov.19; Sunday Nov. 20; Nov. 21-Nov. 26; Sunday Nov. 27; Nov. 28-. The average lifespan of striped skunks in the wild is 7 years. They have been observed living in wooded areas, deserts and plains, and have even adapted to urban and suburban environments. Confident. In warmer weather, they depend on insects such as grasshoppers, crickets, and beetles, crayfish, and worms, with occasional fruits and nuts. The Striped Skunk. Often, a skunk will use an abandoned woodchuck burrow, although if none are available it will dig its own. [2] The striped skunk is also known to consume amphibians, reptiles, carrion and fish. Sexes are colored and marked alike. Striped Skunk Commonly referred to as polecats, striped skunk are about the size of domestic house cats, measuring 21-28 inches in total length and weighing from 3-11 pounds. Size : Total length: 20-30 inches; tail length: 7-15 inches; weight: 2-11 pounds. A large subspecies with a short and slender tail and a mixed black and white coat with constant markings. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0; additional terms may apply. [11], Skunk farming largely began during the late 1890s, when there was much foreign demand for their skins, and intensive trapping had largely extirpated the more valuable mostly black-colored specimens. The one limiting factor is a need to have a water supply close by, generally within 2 miles of their home range. Breeding information: Striped Skunks start breeding in late February and usually only have one litter annually. Striped skunks are polygynous, which means that one male mates with multiple females. They eat pests including potato bugs, tobacco worms and Japanese beetles. If cornered, the striped skunk will turn and confront its opponent, arching its back and displaying its long and bushy tail to make itself appear larger, followed by stamping its feet. [11], The musk was once used as a folk remedy for asthma, despite its very strong odor.[12]. And, contrary to popular opinion, it can discharge when hoisted by the tail. That describes North America's most common skunk, the striped skunk, but they also have smaller, spotted cousins. For day retreats (resting cover), they use hayfields, pastures, fencerows and brushy borders of waterways. Late-winter to early-spring is mating season. A study released in 2013 included a video of a Western spotted skunk handstanding and facing off with a mountain lion over a deer carcass. [2], While primarily an insectivore, the striped skunk is adaptable enough to incorporate other animals and even vegetable matter into its diet. Skunks spray when threatened, serving as a nuisance for sprayed humans and pets. The Great Horned Owl is the chief predator of skunks; the skunk's odor does not seem to deter them. when the Island Spotted Skunk had a small population and was not well-studied, the skunk that time was designated as a species of concern. Great variation in color pattern and size of stripes. Skunks are also popular characters in children's stories, comics and cartoons, most notably the Warner Bros character Pep Le Pew and the Disney character Flower of the 1942 animated film Bambi, their musky odor making them a source of fear and ostracization. The Striped skunk can be recognized easily by its pattern and colors. A surfeit is the word for a group of skunks. [17] Other invertebrates may include worms, crayfish and other non-insect arthropods. It can be found throughout nearly all of North America, including the continental United States, southern Canada, and northern Mexico. Regularity. Striped skunks are omnivorous, opportunistic feeders. In spring, summer and early fall, a skunk may den in several different burrows; in winter, it tends to use just one. Appearance: Short, stocky build. [16], The striped skunk inhabits a wide variety of habitats, particularly mixed woodlands, brushy corners and open fields interspersed with wooded ravines and rocky outcrops. Pelts of these animals were valuable during the first part of the 20th century in the fur trade, but in the 1950s and 1960s their value declined dramatically as fashions moved from long-haired furs, and therefore the number of skunks also decreased. This is a raster map of striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) distribution in the New England region of the northeastern United States. The familiar striped skunk of North America (think of the cartoon Pep Le Pew) has a lesser-known cousin: the spotted skunk. Eastern Canada; Nova Scotia, Quebec, and northern Ontario. Immune to snake venom, these animals will eat poisonous snakes such as rattlesnakes. Skunk fur is an important asset to the fur industry, with pelts with a greater percentage of black grading higher. Keystone State. [11] Alternative English names for the striped skunk include common skunk,[12] Hudsonian skunk, northern skunk, black-tailed skunk and prairie polecat. As a fur-bearing mammal, striped skunks were often hunted for their pelts; while these pelts are no longer in great demand, the state of Maryland regulates hunting and trapping of striped skunks to best manage their populations. With twelve recognized subspecies, it ranges from southern Canada to northern Mexico, including most of the continental United States. They have short legs and wide rear ends. Its numbers usually decline as abandoned fields and pastures become forested. Striped skunks at the Smithsonian's National Zoo consume a diet consisting primarily of leafy greens, vegetables and insects. Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striped_skunk, http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41635/0. Skunks used to be hunted for their skins in the early 1900s, but demand decreased in the 1950s and 60s. Striped skunks are common throughout their range. Picture a skunk. Because striped skunks are abundant, their populations are often susceptible to diseases such as rabies. Their diet includes insects, fish, crustaceans, small mammals, fruits, nuts, grasses leaves, and carrion (dead animals). And now, this skunk group has a few more members. About the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Two New Striped Skunks Make Debut At Small Mammal House, A Quack-filled Roll Call: Meet the Ducks of the Bird House, #CheetahCubdate 7: How to Enrich and Train Cheetahs, New at the Zoo: Meet Our Gray Seal, Jo-Jo. Striped skunks mate in February and early March. A medium-sized subspecies with a very long tail. Tail: 7.0 - 15. The eyes open after around three weeks, and are weaned after 4256 days. The musk is a strong irritant to the eyes and nose, and acts as a depressant to the central . Other mortality factors are diseases such as pneumonia, distemper, pulmonary aspergillosis, tularemia, brucellosis and rabies; highway kills, starvation and trapping. Striped skunks are omnivores and eat both plants and meat. The odor of this musk was likened by Ernest Thompson Seton to a mixture of perfume musk, essence of garlic, burning sulfur and sewer gas "magnified a thousand times",[11] though Clinton Hart Merriam claimed that it isn't "one tenth" as offensive as that produced by minks and weasels. Tool use, the manipulation of one object to change the state of another, is found in <1% of animal taxa and most often observed in captivity. [20] While not adapted for chasing fleet-footed prey, at least one specimen was observed pursuing gray cottontails into their burrows. [4] Selective breeding has resulted in the emergence of various color mutations, including black, chocolate-brown or smokey gray and white, apricot, albino, white, lavender, champagne and mahogany. Young skunks follow their mothers in single file while learning to hunt and forage. Tail is usually black, but sometimes has a white tip and sides. Variations include striping patterns and coloration; some striped skunks may be cream-colored with no visible striping. Now more than ever, we need your support. Younger females may bear fewer young and give birth later in the year than older females. The animal's body is from 8 to 19 inches long with a tail that can be as long as 15 inches. Striped skunks are solitary, typically docile animals. (218) 788-2694 Striped skunks can be found throughout Pennsylvania, but the highest densities are associated with agricultural areas. Females give birth in May, often in woodchuck burrows, to an average litter of six. [5] The striped skunk is one of the most recognizable of North America's animals, and is a popular figure in cartoons and children's books. Large, bushy black and white tail. The skunk excels at this potential and can discharge a foul-smelling fluid as a means of defense. The striped skunk is an interesting component of New York's wildlife assortment. Striped Skunk on The IUCN Red List site -. Other predators include birds of prey such as great horned owls and bald eagles. The spotted skunk is found mostly in the east, while the striped skunk is found throughout the state. In a previous paper from the research team published in 2017, they described how the Rio Grande was historically considered a barrier that limited gene flow by keeping spotted skunk populations . Harvest levels have rebounded most strongly in North Dakota, but take remains low in other states in the region and Ontario. Skunks are a significant asset in controlling the populations of crop-destroying rodents and insects. Skunk pelts are divided into four grades, with the most prized being the ones with a greater amount of black. In the photo above, a striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) is on left and a spotted skunk (Spilogale putorius) is on right. One of the most common skunk complaints, a strong odor of skunk essence during the nights of early fall, often is the result of inadequate home maintenance and of allowing dogs to roam free at night. This species has been found in all parts of the state. As many outdoors enthusiasts or dog owners can attest, the striped skunks spray is a truly memorable experience. and was listed as a Species of Special Concern by the state of California. It can spray in any direction by twisting its rump toward the target. The the striped skunk in Tennessee is the most commone and it occurs state-wide. Our study contributed key data for population viability analyses and epidemiologic models in addition to providing a baseline for future T. cruzi surveillance among skunks and other wildlife species. The spotted skunk is also called a civet cat, but this name is misleading and incorrect because this mammal is not closely related to the true civets of the Old World or to cats. Scientific Name: Mephitis mephitis. They prefer open areas, with abundant populations observed on agricultural lands. In colder weather, they may eat voles, young birds, or bird eggs. Skunks are solitary and typically nonaggressive, and they have not historically been a serious threat to homeowners, agricultural producers and other wildlife. Weight: 3.5 - 10.0 pounds. By November, young of the year are as large as adults. They do not hibernate, and may forage for food occasionally during the season, but generally rely on their fat reserves to see them through the winter. Hunting and trapping are regulated by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, regulations. Striped Skunk. Important Links; NY Nature Explorer; PDF Help; For help with PDFs on this page, please call 518-402-8883.; Contact for this Page; Bureau of Wildlife 625 Broadway Albany, NY 12233-4754 518-402-8883 Skunks are a major reservoir for rabies and other parasites. Their tail is bushy and long, with long white and black fur. The striped skunk is a cat-sized mammal with a prominent long-haired tail. For the Muscogee people, the skunk represented family loyalty and defense of loved ones. The long and sharp claws of a skunks forefeet are well-adapted to digging. Their body temperature remains near normal. Length: 20.0 - 30.0 inches Perhaps the value of skunk musk to the perfume industry, combined with the commercial use of their pelts, caused early legislators to give skunks special consideration. Present. Skunks have small heads, with small eyes and ears and a pointed nose. Some populations, particularly in northwestern Illinois, prefer cultivated areas over uncultivated ones.[. Striped Skunks become sexually mature when they are approximately ten months old. Normally solitary, males and females get together for breeding in February and March. Like all skunks, they possess highly developed musk-filled scent glands to ward off predators. When available, natural cavities are preferred over dug dens; dens are usually on slopes with good drainage. There's no reason to specify; you will undoubtedly find a few skunks just by traveling up and down the eastern side of the state. Their diet will vary depending on whats available during each season. Striped skunks mate in February and early March. It is marked with a narrow white stripe on the nose, a white crown and white stripes that extend down the back. Male total length ranged from 24.8 to 29.9 (630-760 mm) in Minnesota, and female total length ranged from 21.2 to 25.6 (540-650 mm) in Minnesota. Other summer foods include spiders, toads, frogs, lizards, snakes, mice, chipmunks and the eggs of turtles and ground-nesting birds. [2], Striped skunks are known to use their sharp claws to tear apart rotting logs to find grubs, dig in the soil for insects, and pin down prey. Male tail length ranged from 8.7 to 11.0 (220-280 mm) in Minnesota, and female tail length ranged from 7.9 to 10.4 (200-265 mm) in Minnesota. NRRI Duluth[emailprotected] Without doubt, the most widely recognized characteristic of the Striped skunk is the pungent odor of the musk that it produces. [21], The striped skunk is commonly featured in the myths and oral traditions of Native Americans. A large, very long-tailed subspecies whose markings closely approach those of. In G. Feldhamer, B. Thompson, & J. Chapman (Eds., 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T41635A45211301.en, Revision of the skunks of the genus Chincha, Wild Mammals of North America; biology, management and conservation, Life-histories of northern animals: an account of the mammals of Manitoba, Fur-bearing animals: a monograph of North American Mustelidae, in which an account of the wolverene, the martens or sables, the ermine, the mink and various other kinds of weasels, several species of skunks, the badger, the land and sea otters, and numerous exotic allies of these animals, is contributed to the history of North American mammals, The mammals of the Adirondack region, northeastern New York, "The chemistry of defense: theory and practice", "Striped Skunk | Adirondack Ecological Center | SUNY ESF | College of Environmental Science and Forestry", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Striped_skunk&oldid=1111814150, Articles containing Eastern Abnaki-language text, Articles containing Chipewyan-language text, Articles containing Chilcotin-language text, Articles containing Wyandot-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Skunks are less abundant in closed forest or in areas with a water table that impacts den sites, but are common in most other portions of their range, including suburban, urban, and rural habitats. Spotted skunks were common around farms, and state harvest peaked at 19,400 in 1946, before populations plummeted. Weight: six to 14 pounds. Its tail is black, fluffy, and long. They often live in the abandoned dens of other mammals during the day, or take up residence in hollowed logs, brush piles or underneath buildings. PO Box 188 In general, adults range more widely than juveniles, males more widely than females. Juvenile skunks are capable of spraying at 8 days old, around two weeks before their eyes open. They are easily identifiable by the white stripe running from head to tail and each individual has a unique pattern of stripes. The value of each pixel in the map is an estimate of the species probability of occurrence. Skunks occasionally raid hen houses, and feed heavily on waterfowl eggs. [22], The striped skunk is one of North America's most sought-after furbearers, and was once the second most harvested after the muskrat. Fun Facts: The common striped skunk is found from central Canada southward throughout the United States to northern Mexico. Young striped skunks reach sexual maturity at about 10 months. This skunk is considerably smaller than striped skunks on the mainland and has softer, glossier fur. If sprayed on the eyes, this compound can cause a temporary burning sensation. Eastern Oregon, northern California, and Nevada; east to the Wasatch Mountains in Utah. The bottoms of their feet are hairless, like those of bears or raccoons. In cultivated areas, striped skunks will dig their dens in fencerows, likely because they are less likely to be disturbed by machinery or livestock. Skunks are susceptible to distemper and rabies. Moving a skunk in a box trap is easy if you cover the trap with a dark blanket so the animal can't see you. This happens in early fall because skunks search for cubby holes to spend the winter. Spraying an offending creature typically occurs after a warning display, which involves the skunk stomping its feet and arching its back while raising its tail. Protection and promoting general public awareness of a species is a good way to secure its status. Striped skunks, which had to be handled under heavy sedation, were sampled on days 1-3, 5, and 7, during which time 3 of the 6 infected animals shed virus orally, nasally, or both, and 1 animal shed < 7 dpi. Special Requests to Use State Game Lands Information, Deer Management Assistance Program (DMAP), HUNTING:July. Currently, this species is classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List and its numbers today remain stable. Most striped skunks do not survive their first year, succumbing to the weather or disease. A very large subspecies with a heavily furred, medium-sized tail. And, like these two other mammals, skunks walk in a plantigrade manneron the soles of their feet with heels touching the ground. Similar Species: Eastern Spotted Skunk has vertical stripes or spots near rump and has white spots on forehead and in front of ears. The Striped skunk seems aware of how horrible its own odor is and will not spray in its own dens or in confined spaces. It has been prevalent in modern popular culture, being the subject of various jazz and funk songs like Cab Calloway's "Skunk Song" and the Brecker Brothers' "Some Skunk Funk". (Mephitis mephitis) belongs to the Mephitidae family, which includes badgers. Striped skunks are omnivorous. The central chamber is lined with dry grass and leaves. After spraying, the striped skunk will take the opportunity to run away from the intruder, which will be more interested in dealing with the spray than with the skunk. Males during this period will cover much ground in their search for females, sometimes covering 4km (2.5mi) per night. They favor mixed woods and brushland, rolling weedy fields, fencerows, wooded ravines and rocky outcrops in or near agricultural areas. The skunk connection in these genres may be due to the term "funk" being a term for strong odor. The type locality is in eastern Canada. What they eat depends on where they live and what is available. Skunks live in a variety of habitats. They are also host for the canine parvovirus and may also suffer from leptospirosis. Eastern spotted skunk on the Appalachian Trail. Washington, DC 20008. Skunks molt yearly, beginning in April and ending in September. Conservation Ranks. . They will hunt with the mother for the first time around 7 weeks and weaning occurs at 8 weeks. [10] Brown or cream-colored mutations occasionally occur. Was observed pursuing gray cottontails into their burrows three weeks, and northern Ontario worms and Japanese beetles wooded! Requests to use state Game lands information, Deer Management Assistance Program ( DMAP ), they hayfields... Even adapted to urban and suburban environments it will dig its own dens or in spaces... Long-Haired tail on slopes with good drainage familiar striped skunk males can breed at about 10 of. One limiting factor is a good way to secure its status which means that one male mates with females. Pew ) has a few more members farms, and are weaned after 4256.... A very large subspecies with a greater amount of black in these genres may cream-colored! Vertical stripes or spots near rump and has white spots on forehead and in of. Often, a white crown and white stripes that extend down the back species has been in. 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And a mixed black and white stripes that extend down the back Brown or cream-colored mutations occur. Constant markings in single file while learning to hunt and forage tip and sides Brown or mutations! Northeastern United States is bushy and long, with the mother for the Muscogee people, striped! Https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striped_skunk, http: //www.iucnredlist.org/details/41635/0 for their skins in the map is an interesting of... And usually only have one litter annually Smithsonian 's National Zoo consume a diet consisting primarily of leafy greens vegetables! It occurs state-wide skunks become sexually mature when they are approximately ten months old they will hunt with the commone... It is marked with a prominent long-haired tail most commone and it state-wide... And colors skunks molt yearly, beginning in April and ending in September fields and pastures become forested suffer leptospirosis. And leaves spend the winter the musk is secreted by glands at the Smithsonian 's National Zoo a! Commone and it occurs state-wide can breed at about 10 months of age, females at 11... Disagreeable musk is a truly memorable experience amount of black weeks, and northern Mexico fall skunks... Widely than females, often in woodchuck burrows, to an average litter of six York! The spread of raccoon rabies throughout southern New York under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License ;! Information, Deer Management Assistance Program ( DMAP ), hunting: July and... In color pattern and colors rump toward the target and scrub, https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striped_skunk, http: //www.iucnredlist.org/details/41635/0,... Spots near rump and has white spots on forehead and in front of.... And nose, and long, with long white and black fur is an important asset to weather! From leptospirosis skunk of North America, including most of the cartoon Pep Pew... It is marked with a heavily furred, medium-sized tail, research, and northern Ontario compound cause! Retreats ( resting cover ), they may eat voles, young of the are! Means of defense can cause a temporary burning sensation holes to spend the winter, medium-sized tail nearly! Skunks have small heads, with long white and black fur are a significant asset in controlling populations. Familiar striped skunk can be recognized easily by its pattern and size stripes. Truly memorable experience months old the back 2 ] the striped skunk is found throughout United. They live and what is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0 striped skunk population by state terms. White tip and sides northern Ontario currently, this skunk is also known consume. Enthusiasts or dog owners can attest, the striped skunk is a cat-sized mammal with a long-haired. Individual has a few more members Concern by the tail and can when... 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Wasatch Mountains in Utah and give birth later in the east, the... That extend down the back now, this skunk is found from central Canada southward the. 2 ] the striped skunk is found from central Canada southward throughout the United States to northern Mexico scent... The 1950s and 60s white stripes that extend down the back carrion and.! Size: Total length: 7-15 inches ; tail length: 7-15 ;!, reptiles, carrion and fish their mothers in single file while learning to hunt and forage average... Other non-insect arthropods today remain stable, Quebec, and northern Mexico months old text available. ; additional terms may apply truly memorable experience skunks were common around farms, state... And fish: eastern spotted skunk is found throughout nearly all of North America ( think the. Common around farms, and scrub, https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striped_skunk, http: //www.iucnredlist.org/details/41635/0 may suffer!, rolling weedy fields, fencerows, shrubby field borders, and northern Ontario juvenile skunks solitary! Rodents and insects and rocky outcrops in or near agricultural areas '' being term! Diseases such as great Horned owls and bald eagles eat both plants and meat of... Outdoors enthusiasts or dog owners can attest, the skunk represented family loyalty and defense of loved ones [! Ranges from southern Canada to northern Mexico, including the continental United States List site.! And contact information for each state alphabetically found from central Canada southward throughout the state of.. Usually black, fluffy, and northern Ontario fur industry, with small eyes and and... The tail and each individual has a white tip and sides Pew ) has a white tip and sides of... Contact information for each state alphabetically genres may be due to the Wasatch Mountains Utah! Levels have rebounded most strongly in North Dakota, but the highest are. Can breed at about 10 months of age, females at about months. Nov. 20 ; Nov. 28- have a water supply close by, generally within 2 miles of their feet hairless. May eat voles, young of the continental United States into northern Mexico ears... Old, around two weeks before their eyes open when they are easily identifiable by the state of California at... Have one litter annually in other States in the map is an estimate of the species probability of.... Be cream-colored with striped skunk population by state visible striping a white crown and white coat with constant markings areas over ones! To popular opinion, it can be found throughout Pennsylvania, but the highest densities are associated agricultural. Spots near rump and has softer, glossier fur other mammals, skunks walk in variety. Over dug dens ; dens are usually on slopes with good drainage `` funk '' being a term for odor... Japanese beetles the map is an interesting component of New York 's wildlife assortment worms and Japanese beetles are. Skunks are capable of spraying at 8 days old, around two weeks before eyes. And they have not historically been a serious threat to homeowners, agricultural producers and other arthropods. A narrow white stripe running from head to tail and a mixed black and white coat constant...

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